A regulated power supply mainly consists of three parts: input circuit, control circuit, and output circuit.
Input circuit: used to receive input power supply voltage. It usually includes transformers, rectification circuits, and filtering circuits. Transformers are used to reduce power supply voltage, rectification circuits convert AC power to DC power, and filtering circuits are used to smooth output voltage.
Control circuit: used to monitor the output voltage and provide adjustment signals to the output circuit. It mainly consists of feedback circuit and comparison circuit. The feedback circuit collects the feedback signal of the output voltage and sends it to the comparison circuit for comparison. The comparison circuit compares the feedback signal with the reference voltage and generates a control signal to adjust the output voltage based on the comparison result.
Output circuit: used to generate stable voltage and output it to the load. It is usually composed of a voltage regulator, a capacitor, and a resistor. The voltage regulator converts the control signal into an adjustable resistor, which, together with the input voltage, serves as a charging and discharging circuit for the capacitor. By adjusting the rate of change of the capacitor, the output voltage is stabilized.