The working principle of photovoltaic inverters can be divided into the following steps:

  1. Input DC current: The photovoltaic inverter first receives DC current from the solar panel. The magnitude and direction of this DC current depend on the working state and light intensity of the solar panel.
  2. MPPT maximum power point tracking: The electronic circuit inside the inverter will calculate the maximum power point (MPPT) of the solar panel in real time based on its working state and light intensity. The inverter will adjust its own circuit to maximize the output power of the solar panel.
  3. Current conversion: Once the maximum power point of the solar panel is determined, the inverter will use a switching power supply circuit to convert the DC power of the solar panel into AC power of the same frequency and voltage as the local power grid.
  4. Filtering: The inverter will filter the output AC power to remove any unwanted high-frequency interference signals and ensure that the ripple of the output current is sufficiently small.
  5. Feedback control: The built-in feedback control system of the inverter can monitor the waveform of the output current and adjust the frequency and phase of the output current as necessary to ensure that the AC power output by the inverter is synchronized with the local power grid and maintain the stability and reliability of the power grid.
  6. Output AC power: Finally, the inverter will output processed AC current for use in the local power grid or household, commercial, or industrial electrical equipment.

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